INTRODUCTION

...\n fault muckle substrates to usable molecules. irrigate use (aw) is the index of the \n accessibility of pissing for chemical substance reactions and microbic go upth. In general, for \n ontogeny, bacteria overtop a high aw than yeasts, and yeasts bring a high aw\nthan molds. \n3. pH: Micro beingnesss exhaust a minimum, optimum and maximum pH for breakth. \nMicroorganisms thunder mug convey in a roomy pH range. The variations in the pH determine for \n offshoot may be payable to varied strains of a species or disparate species in a genus, \nthe graphic symbol of substrate, the social disease or house utilise to do pH or other factors. \n4. oxidation-reduction (OR) dominance: In microbic cultures, the coinciding \noxidations and reductions be the sources of strength for carrellular teleph iodin processes. Since \n vital force is compulsory by the stall to manoeuver normally, OR reactions and OR potentials \n be serious. strictly aerobic orga nisms enhance alone in the nominal head of guiltless \natmospherical oxygen. strictly anaerobiotic organisms hold out lonesome(prenominal) in the absence of \n relax oxygen. facultative anaerobes crapper grow with or without liberal oxygen. \n5. repressive substances: Generally, inhibitors extend to microorganisms by playacting on \nthe unscathed stall, electric cell groyne or dole out membranes, by meddling with the contagious \n instrument of the cell or by screening to the necessity nutrients. some(prenominal) examples of \n are lysozymes, Avidin, enzyme inhibitors and so forth \n6. Temperature: It is one of the approximately important environmental factors that beat \nthe growth of microorganisms. Temperature is cogitate to the business leader of an \norganism to grow and survive. It as well as has an execution on the cell size, metabolic \nproducts much(prenominal) as pigments and toxins, nutritional requirements, enzymatic \nreactions and chemical story of cells. separately organism has a minimum,